The National Security Guard (NSG), popularly known as the “Black Cats,” is one of India’s most formidable and highly trained special forces. Established to counter rising security threats such as terrorism, hijacking, and hostage situations, the NSG plays a critical role in ensuring the nation’s internal security. With an outstanding record of operations, NSG Commandos have been instrumental in neutralizing several high-profile threats to India.
40th NSG Raising Day – 16th October 2024
Origins of the NSG
The NSG was formed in 1984 following Operation Blue Star and the assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, which highlighted the need for a highly specialized counter-terrorism force. Modeled after special forces like the UK’s Special Air Service (SAS) and Germany’s GSG 9, the NSG was established under the National Security Guard Act, 1986. It was designed to respond quickly to terror-related threats and conduct anti-hijacking, counter-terrorism, and rescue operations, offering a rapid and tactical solution to national emergencies.
Structure and Organization
The NSG operates under the Ministry of Home Affairs, and its command is usually led by officers from the Indian Army and the Central Armed Police Forces (CAPFs). The force is divided into two key components:
• Special Action Group (SAG): This wing is comprised entirely of Indian Army personnel, highly trained for counter-terrorism operations.
• Special Ranger Group (SRG): This unit is recruited from Central Armed Police Forces like the CRPF, BSF, and ITBP, and is responsible for providing logistical support and VIP security.
The force’s motto, Sarvatra, Sarvottam, Suraksha (Everywhere, Always the Best, Security), highlights its role as a versatile and elite counter-terrorism unit capable of being deployed in various situations across the country.
Recruitment Process
Recruitment into the NSG is extremely selective and limited to personnel from the Indian Army and paramilitary forces.
• Eligibility: Candidates must have completed at least three years of service in their respective forces. The rigorous selection process tests not only physical stamina but also psychological strength and decision-making abilities under high-stress environments.
• Training: NSG training is known to be one of the toughest and most grueling in the world. Only a small percentage of those selected make it through. The training regimen includes:
• Basic Commando Training: This initial phase is aimed at improving the physical fitness of the candidates, who must pass obstacle courses, long-distance marches, and other endurance tests.
• Specialized Training: Commandos are trained in advanced weaponry, hand-to-hand combat, explosives, unarmed combat, close-quarter battle (CQB), and tactical operations. They are also trained in specific skills like breaching buildings, rappelling, urban warfare, and handling improvised explosive devices (IEDs).
• Mental Conditioning: NSG Commandos must endure psychological conditioning that prepares them for high-pressure situations, like hostage rescues and terror operations.
In addition to domestic training, NSG Commandos also receive specialized training from countries like Israel, the US, and the UK to sharpen their counter-terrorism and special ops capabilities.
Famous Operations
The NSG has been involved in several high-profile operations that have cemented its reputation as one of India’s premier elite forces.
1. Operation Black Thunder (1988): One of the NSG’s earliest and most significant operations, this was carried out to flush out militants holed up in the Golden Temple in Amritsar. The operation was a success, with no harm to the temple’s structure.
2. 26/11 Mumbai Attacks (2008): Perhaps the most well-known operation of the NSG, during the 26/11 Mumbai terror attacks, NSG Commandos were deployed to neutralize terrorists who had taken hostages in the Taj Mahal Hotel, Oberoi Trident, and Nariman House. Their heroic actions, which lasted over 60 hours, were instrumental in saving countless lives.
3. Operation Ashwamedh (1993): The NSG successfully neutralized terrorists who hijacked an Indian Airlines flight at Amritsar airport, rescuing all 141 passengers without any casualties.
4. Pathankot Attack (2016): When terrorists attacked the Pathankot Air Force Station, NSG Commandos were called in to lead the counter-terror operation. Their swift action prevented greater loss of life and secured the base.
5. Akshardham Temple Attack (2002): The NSG carried out a well-coordinated operation to end the siege by terrorists who attacked the Akshardham Temple in Gujarat, saving many civilian lives.
Training Centers and Bases
The NSG’s primary training center is located at Manesar, Haryana, about 50 km from New Delhi. This state-of-the-art facility has mock urban environments, tactical villages, and shooting ranges where commandos practice real-world scenarios.
In addition to Manesar, the NSG has hubs in various parts of India, including:
• Mumbai (Western Hub)
• Chennai (Southern Hub)
• Kolkata (Eastern Hub)
• Hyderabad (Southern Hub)
These hubs ensure that NSG can respond to crises across India more swiftly, reducing the time for deployment during emergencies.
Modern Equipment and Weaponry
NSG Commandos are equipped with some of the most modern and advanced weaponry available to any special force in the world. Their gear includes:
• Assault rifles like the Heckler & Koch MP5 and FN F2000.
• Sniper rifles like the PSG-1.
• Pistols such as Glock 17 and SIG Sauer P226.
• Explosives and Breaching Equipment for hostage rescue and building entries.
They also employ sophisticated communication devices, night vision equipment, and drones for reconnaissance purposes.
The NSG remains one of India’s most respected and critical defense units, playing a crucial role in preserving national security. Their fearless attitude, rigorous training, and dedication to safeguarding the nation have solidified their reputation as an elite force capable of responding to any situation, from counter-terrorism to VIP security. Through successful operations, the NSG has earned immense respect, not just in India, but also internationally.
The story of NSG Commandos is a testament to their motto, “Sarvatra, Sarvottam, Suraksha”, reminding us that wherever they are, they deliver nothing but the best security for the nation.
